Unlike the long-lasting, durable original vellum, modern vellum is so delicate that it can sometimes curl in response to heat, touch, or moisture. Existing in a variety of colors, weights, textures, brands, level of transparency, Vellum is smooth to the touch and feels almost like plastic. Modern vellum is machine-made from plasticized cotton or cellulose fibers from plants and trees. You’ll probably be happy to hear that modern vellum and modern parchment are not made from animals. Over time, vellum and parchment fell out of popular use. Therefore, vellum and parchment weren’t needed much more for artistic purposes. Canvas and paper were more favorable to artists since vellum and parchment were expensive and had strange qualities. This is exemplified by the use of both materials in Gutenberg’s famous bible printing project.Īdditionally in the fifteenth century, canvas began being widely used for paintings. Thus, in that century the use of paper and parchment became almost interchangeable. New paper milling techniques developed that allowed paper production to surpass the production of vellum and parchment. This created an unprecedented demand for paper. In fifteenth century Europe, the creation of Johannes Gutenberg’s movable type printing press revolutionized commercial printing. In fact, even the Declaration of Independence was written on parchment paper. Because of its enduring qualities, vellum paper and parchment paper have been used for many significant documents throughout history such as religious text and political documents. On the other hand, vellum is said to last up to 5,000 years – making it easily a first choice writing material. For example, in European climates plant-based papers like papyrus would quickly degrade. Beyond its versatility, vellum paper was a crucial writing material for durability. Vellum paper was used for books, scrolls, codexes, and art. First, original vellum can be described as smooth, thin, translucent, and durable. While this might seem off-putting, original vellum paper has a deep historical significance and was extremely useful. Because of the subtle differences, the terms “vellum” and “parchment” are sometimes used interchangeably. “Parchment paper” originally meant animal skin that had been treated for the purpose of writing or printing. To clarify, the original term “parchment paper” is not the same as the non-stick paper you use for baking sheets. Now, the term is used to mean parchment paper made from any kind of animal. What is vellum? “Vellum” originally referred to a high quality parchment paper made out of calfskin that had been stretched and treated on a wooden frame. Despite the wide variety of paper-like materials, by the third century many of these materials – such as Egyptian papyrus paper – were being replaced by vellum. In medieval Europe, a method of paper-making developed from pressing the leftover pulp of rotting rags. In ancient Asia, papers were made out of all kinds of plants such as plant stems, vegetable matter, and hemp. This version of paper was stronger than papyrus. This is actually where the term “paper” came from, since it sounds similar to “papyrus.” In the fifth century, people from the Maya civilization in Mexico developed paper made out of tree bark. The primary writing material in ancient Egypt was papyrus, a paper they made from the stalks of Cyperus papyrus plants. More than a thousand years ago, civilizations across the world each developed different early versions of paper. Paper is seen, used, and discarded so frequently in our lives that we rarely stop to think about where it came from.
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